PSG has now secured the prestigious trophy on fourteen separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight French Super Cup title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a straightforward triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup winners after the French winger found the net early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.